Effect of Surface Modification by Oxygen-Enriched Chemicals on the Surface Properties of Pine Bark Biochars

Sustainable waste utilization techniques are needed to combat the environmental and economic challenges faced worldwide due rising population. Biochars, their unique surface properties, offer opportunities modify prepare application-specific materials. The aim of this research is study effects biochar modification by oxidizing chemicals on properties. Pine bark was modified with sulfuric acid, nitric hydrogen peroxide, ozone, ammonium persulfate. resulting biochars’ pH, pH at point zero charges, concentration acidic basic sites were determined using laboratory experimentation. Instrumental techniques, such as infrared X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, also obtained for all samples. spectra showed that oxygen content increased 44.5%, 42.2%, 33.8%, 30.5%, 14.6% from 13.4% persulfate, respectively. charges negatively correlated difference in samples, well summation peak components representing C=O double bonds carboxylic groups. results suggest designer biochars can be prepared understanding interaction oxygenated surfaces.